The direct cause of vestibular disorders such as vertigo or vestibular hypofunction can be hard to pinpoint – but they could be caused by certain factors such as injury, infections or simply aging.
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According to study performed on Etiology of vertigo in children by Dimitrios G.Balatsouras et al and published in International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology( March, 2007); Viral infections, benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood and migraine were the most common causes of vertigo accounting for approximately 65% of our patients. Otitis media, head trauma, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease and brain tumor were less common causes of vertigo.
The article further states that vertigo in children differs from that in adults, because of three main reasons. Firstly, vestibular disorders are often ignored in children, because vertiginous manifestations are usually attributed to lack of coordination or behavioral problems. Secondly, as children often lack the communication ability to describe accurately their symptoms, diagnosis is based less in history and much more in clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Finally, although most diseases that cause vertigo in adulthood occur in childhood as well, their frequency may be different, depending on the age of the patient. A typical example is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which is the most common peripheral vestibular disorder in adults, but occurs rarely in children.
Vertigo as a subtype of dizziness, results from an imbalance within the vestibular system. In adults, different epidemiological studies show benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular migraine, Ménière’s disease, and vestibular neuritis to be most common. The focus on management involves review of three common presentations of vertigo: prolonged spontaneous vertigo, recurrent attacks of vertigo, and positional vertigo.
The patient’s history is usually the key to differentiation of peripheral and central causes of vertigo by vestibular rehab specialist. The fact that your vertigo temporarily disappears with intake of antivertiginous and antiemetic drugs may not be the ultimate cure to your dizziness. Treatment is usually directed at underlying cause whenever possible, although these medications are usually for a short-term use and if recommended, will help in your recovery when combined with vestibular rehabilitation.
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